DIAGNOSTIC SENSITIVITY OF ULTRASOUND,RADIOGRAPHY AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR GENDER DETERMINATION IN FOUR SPECIES OF LIZARDS

Gender determination is frequently requested by reptile breeders, especially for species with poor or absent sexual dimorphism. The aims of the current study were to describe techniques and diagnostic sensitivities of ultrasound, radiography, and computed tomography for gender determination (identification of hemipenes) in four species of lizards. Nineteen lizards of known sex, belonging to four different species (Pogona vitticeps, Uromastyx aegyptia, Tiliqua scincoides, Gerrhosaurus major) were prospectively enrolled. With informed owner consent, ultrasound, noncontrast CT, contrast radiography, and contrast CT (with contrast medium administered into the cloaca) were performed in conscious animals. Imaging studies were reviewed by three different operators, each unaware of the gender of the animals and of the results of the other techniques. The lizard was classified as a male when hemipenes were identified. Nineteen lizards were included in the study, 10 females and nine males. The hemipenes were seen on ultrasound in only two male lizards, and appeared as oval hypoechoic structures. Radiographically, hemipenes filled with contrast medium appeared as spindle‐shaped opacities. Noncontrast CT identified hemipenes in only two lizards, and these appeared as spindle‐shaped kinked structures with hyperattenuating content consistent with smegma. Hemipenes were correctly identified in all nine males using contrast CT (accuracy of 100%). Accuracy of contrast radiography was excellent (94.7%). Accuracy of ultrasound and of noncontrast CT was poor (64.3% and 63.1%, respectively). Findings from the current study supported the use of contrast CT or contrast radiography for gender determination in lizards.     

Relationship between three novel SNPs of BRCA1 and canine mammary tumors

The BRCA1 gene plays an important role in the development of human breast cancer, and recent research indicated that genetic variations of BRCA1 are also related to canine mammary tumors (CMTs). Here, using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), we cloned the 5′- and 3′-UTRs of BRCA1. By direct sequencing of the flanking sequences of the 5′- and 3′-UTRs of BRCA1, three previously unreported single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, two (−1228T >C, −1173C >T) in the putative promoter regions and one non-synonymous SNP (63449G >A) in exon 23. Compared with 16 normal samples, the sequences from 34 CMTs suggested that SNP (−1173C >T) was associated with the development of CMTs (odds ratio (OR)=2.57, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07–6.15).     

西藏草原5种主要有毒植物营养成分

采用国家标准法对西藏天然草原茎直黄芪(Astragalus strictus)、甘肃棘豆(Oxytropis kansuensis)、毛瓣棘豆(Oxytropis sericopetala)、瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme)和藏橐吾(Ligularia rumicifolia)5种主要有毒植物不同物候期常规营养成分和矿质元素含量进行测定。结果显示,在5种植物中,粗蛋白平均含量以茎直黄芪最高,其次为甘肃棘豆,且两者粗蛋白含量均超过19%;茎直黄芪中花期粗蛋白含量最高,花前期最低,花期和花果期差异不显著(P0.05);而甘肃棘豆中粗蛋白含量以花前期最高,花果期最低,花前期和花期差异不显著。粗纤维平均含量由高到低依次为毛瓣棘豆、藏橐吾、茎直黄芪、甘肃棘豆和瑞香狼毒,且均以花果期最高,花前期最低。5种植物Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn和Zn含量均以花前期最高,花期次之,花果期最低;但Se含量花果期相对较高。由此得出,茎直黄芪和甘肃棘豆营养较为丰富,具有潜在饲用价值,毛瓣棘豆、瑞香狼毒和藏橐吾营养价值偏低。     

磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液含量测定的能力比对结果分析

为加强兽药检验检测机构能力建设,进一步提升检测技术水平,组织开展了全国省级兽药检验机构磺胺间甲氧嘧啶钠注射液含量测定的能力比对。依据《中国兽药典》2020年版一部附录0701电位滴定法与永停滴定法以及中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）规定的程序进行本次能力比对。分别采用单因子方差分析法和Ss≤0.3σ准则对测试样品进行均匀性检验,采用t检验方法和■准则对样品进行稳定性考察,采用Z比分数评价各参加实验室的测试结果。参加本次能力比对的36家兽药检测实验室中,33家结果为满意,满意率91.7%。     

核桃组培快繁体系的建立

为建立‘南核1号’核桃组培快繁体系,以带芽茎段为外植体,开展外植体采集时间、初代诱导、继代增殖和生根培养各阶段试验。结果表明,全年中4-5月为最佳外植体采集时间;最佳诱导培养基为DKW+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.1mg/L,诱导率为66.7%;最佳增殖培养基为DKW+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+IBA 0.01mg/L,增殖率为63.3%,增殖系数为3.83;生根采用二步诱导生根法,先在附加IBA 6.0mg/L的1/2DKW中暗培养,再转移到1/4DKW中光培养,生根率为46.6%。     

油茶籽及饼粕含油率快速检测技术研究

通过索氏抽提法和快速测定法分别测定油茶籽及压榨饼粕中的含油率的对比试验。结果显示:采用快速测定法测定油茶籽或茶籽饼中的含油率,其检测结果与传统索氏抽提法对比,检测数据吻合度好;同一检测结果数据分散程度小,分布精密度高,误差范围小;快速检测方法结果准确度高。     

托里桉组培快繁技术初步研究

以2 a托里桉超级苗不同株系的茎段为外植体进行组培快繁研究,结果表明：适合诱导的培养基为MS改良+6-BA 0.5mg·L-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1;适合6号株系增殖培养基为MS改良+6-BA 0.2 mg·L-1+NAA 0.1 mg·L-1,适合7号、10号株系的增殖培养基为MS改良+6-BA 0.3 mg·L-1+NAA 0.2 mg·L-1;适当缩短继代周期是解决桉苗顶稍枯萎、上部叶片脱落等症状简单、有效的方法;适合的生根培养基为1/2MS改良+ IBA 0.2 mg·L-1+ ABT 0.6 mg·L-1,生根苗移栽成活率可达90%。     

三氮脒含量测定的高效液相色谱法研究

建立了HPLC法测定注射用三氮脒中三氮脒含量的方法。采用C18色谱柱,以0.05 mol/L磷酸溶液-乙腈(95∶5,V/V)为流动相,流速为1.0 m L/min,检测波长为370 nm,柱温为30℃。结果三氮脒在1~100μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r=0.9998。建立的方法操作简便、准确、可靠,可用于三氮脒的质量控制。     

十六个樱桃番茄品种果实风味品质相关指标比较分析

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)等技术手段,对目前生产上16个主栽樱桃番茄(Solanum lycopersicum Mill. var. cerasiforme)品种的风味评分及相关指标进行测定和比较分析,解析决定樱桃番茄风味的主要影响因素。研究表明,相比其他风味相关指标,不同番茄品种间柠檬酸、苹果酸、V_c和氨基酸含量的差异较大。16个参试品种中,浙江省农业科学院蔬菜研究所的浙樱粉1号、浙樱黄1号,日本金子种苗株式会社的黄妃,及山东省农业科学院蔬菜研究所的天正红珠风味评分排名前4,以上品种的7项风味及营养决定指标参数(可溶性固形物、总糖、有机酸、果糖、葡萄糖、柠檬酸和V_c)均显著高于风味评价排名后4名的参试番茄品种。进一步的相关性分析结果表明,风味评分与可溶性固形物、总糖、有机酸、果糖、葡萄糖和V_c含量显著正相关,而与糖酸比等复合参数无显著相关性。由上述结果可知,番茄风味品质的主要指标为可溶性固形物、总糖(果糖+葡萄糖)、有机酸(主要是柠檬酸)和V_c。此外,氨基酸作为传统意义上的营养物质,可能与番茄风味存在一定关联。     

美洲矾根愈伤组织诱导及其快繁技术体系研究

以矾根(Heuchera micrantha)植株不同器官为外植体材料,MS培养基为基本培养基,探索了矾根组织培养与快繁技术体系。结果表明,选取幼芽作为外植体时快繁效率最高,最适芽诱导培养基配方为MS+2.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.5 mg/L NAA,采用4/5MS+0.2 mg/LNAA的生根培养方案较为适宜。